Dual inhibition of BRAF and MEK in BRAF-mutated metastatic non-small cell lung cancer

Lung cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death worldwide. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for 80% to 85% of lung cancers, and about 70% are diagnosed as advanced disease (1). Until recently, systemic chemotherapy has been the standard treatment for patients with metastatic NSCLC with limited efficacy; however, identification of driver mutations, such as epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations and anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) rearrangements, and the development of tyrosine kinase inhibitors for each genetic alteration markedly changed current clinical practice (2,3).