%0 Journal Article %T Closing, opening and reopening: the difficult coexistence %A Ferluga, Massimo %A Lucangelo, Umberto %J Journal of Thoracic Disease %D 2017 %B 2017 %9 %! Closing, opening and reopening: the difficult coexistence %K %X Volume-controlled ventilation (VCV) has always been considered as protective ventilation, in particular during spontaneous breathing, being able to avoid the administration of injurious tidal volumes (V t ) to the patient. In fact, spontaneous efforts increase transpulmonary pressure (P l ) only during pressure-regulated ventilations (1). Despite this difference in terms of P l , the conditions of lung parenchyma determine the damage to the lung tissue and the onset of ventilator induced lung injury (VILI). %U https://jtd.amegroups.org/article/view/14514 %V 9 %N 7 %P 1808-1810 %@ 2077-6624