TY - JOUR AU - Berland, Léa AU - Heeke, Simon AU - Humbert, Olivier AU - Macocco, Adam AU - Long-Mira, Elodie AU - Lassalle, Sandra AU - Lespinet-Fabre, Virginie AU - Lalvée, Salomé AU - Bordone, Olivier AU - Cohen, Charlotte AU - Leroy, Sylvie AU - Hofman, Véronique AU - Hofman, Paul AU - Ilié, Marius PY - 2018 TI - Current views on tumor mutational burden in patients with nonsmall cell lung cancer treated by immune checkpoint inhibitors JF - Journal of Thoracic Disease; Vol 11, Supplement 1 (January 25, 2019): Journal of Thoracic Disease (Advances in Theranostic Biomarkers for Lung Cancer: from Clinical to Molecular Pathology) Y2 - 2018 KW - N2 - In the last few years, the treatment of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has impressively benefitted from immunotherapy, in particular from the inhibition of immune checkpoints such as PD-1 and PD-L1. However, despite the significant survival benefit for some patients with advanced NSCLC, the objective response rates (ORRs) remain relatively low no more than 20–30% with a large proportion of patients demonstrating primary resistance. Although the selection of NSCLC patients for the first-line treatment is currently guided by the expression of PD-L1 in tumor cells as detected by immunohistochemistry, this is not the case for the second-line setting. Moreover, the sensitivity and specificity of PD-L1 expression is modest which has prompted the search for additional predictive biomarkers. In this context, the assessment of the tumor mutational burden (TMB), defined as the total number of nonsynonymous mutations in the coding regions of genes, has recently emerged as an additional powerful biomarker to select patients for immunotherapy. The purpose of our review is to highlight the recent advances as well as the challenges and perspectives in the field of TMB and immunotherapy for patients with NSCLC. UR - https://jtd.amegroups.org/article/view/25546