Intra-aortic balloon pump during venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: still a matter of debate? Contemporary multi-device approach to cardiogenic shock

Acute cardiogenic shock still represents a life-threating condition, even though great improvements and innovations have been introduced in the last years in this field. Mortality is high whatever the cause, and despite specific therapies targeted to the primary disorder (revascularisation, surgery, antiarrhythmics and immunosuppressants).