Adjuvant targeted therapy for resected NSCLC: to be or not to be?

Lung cancer, one of the most frequent malignant tumors in the world, is the main cause of cancer-related death nowadays (1). Radical surgery remains the cornerstone of treatment for early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, despite undergoing potentially curative surgery, patients with stage I, II, or IIIA NSCLC are at substantial risk for recurrence and death (2).