Patient selection in sepsis: precision medicine using phenotypes and its implications for future clinical trial design

Recently, Seymour et al. reported in The Journal of the American Medical Association (1) that they had identified 4 clinical phenotypes (α, β, γ, and δ) in sepsis patients by applying machine learning methods to the data available at patients’ hospital presentation. The authors found that these phenotypes were correlated with host reaction patterns to the treatment and with clinical outcomes.